Class 6 Social Science Chapter 2 Extra Questions and Answers Oceans and Continents
NCERT Class 6 Social Science Chapter 2 Oceans and Continents Important Extra Questions and Answers
Oceans and Continents Class 6 Very Short Answer Questions
Question 1.
What is the most widespread colour on globe/picture of the Earth represent, what does it represent?
Answer:
The most widespread colour on the globe/picture of the Earth is ‘Blue’. It represents ‘Water’.
Question 2.
What is the large body of land called and what is a large continuous expanse of land?
Answer:
The large body of land is called ‘landmass’. A large continuous expense of land is called a ‘continent’.
Question 3.
Why is ocean water unfit for consumption by humans?
Answer:
The oceans together hold most of the water available but the seawater is unfit for consumption because it is salty.
Question 4.
Give one difference between marine flora and marine fauna.
Answer:
Marine flora includes tiny plants called algae and all kinds of seaweeds. While marine fauna consists of thousands of colourful fish, dolphins, whales and countless mysterious deep-sea creatures.
Question 5.
Enumerate limits of the Indian Ocean.
Answer:
The main limits of the Indian Ocean are : Asia to the north, Africa to the west, Australia to the east and the Southern Ocean in the south.
Question 6.
What are the main limits of the Indian Ocean?
Answer:
The main limits of the Indian Ocean are:
Asia to the north, Africa to the west, Australia to the east Southern Ocean in the South.
Question 7.
Give names of two parts of the Indian Ocean which are on either side of India?
Answer:
The two parts of Indian Ocean to the east and west of the Indian subcontinent are:
- the Bay of Bengal to the east
- the Arabian sea to the west.
Question 8.
Look at the map given on (NCERT book page 33) and give names of India’s two major groups of Islands.
Answer:
The two major groups of islands are:
- Andaman and Nicobar Islands in the Bay of Bengal.
- Lakshadweep Islands in the Arabian Sea.
Question 9.
Which Organisation is responsible to deal with all kinds of disasters in India (Bharat).
Answer:
The National Disaster Management Authority.
Question 10.
(a) What is the largest island in the world?
(b) How would you compare its size to India/Bharat?
Answer:
(a) Greenland.
(b) Areas of 10 largest states of India have to be added to reach its size.
Question 11.
Approximately India is home to how many small islands? Give names of two major groups of islands in India.
Answer:
- More than 1,300 small islands.
- Andaman and Nicobar Islands in the Bay of Bengal and Lakshadweep Islands in the Arabian Sea.
Question 12.
When is United Nations (UN) designation of World Oceans Day?
Answer:
June 8th
Oceans and Continents Class 6 Short Answer Questions
Question 1.
Explain what brown colour represents in the Earths picture?
Answer:
(a) Brown is the colour of land.
(b) It covers 1/4th of the globe.
(c) A large body of land is called a landmass.
(d) A large continuous expanse of land is called a continent. There are seven continents in the world. Of them the largest is Asia and smallest is Australia.
(e) The second largest is Africa followed by- South America and A North America.
(f) Fifth is Antarctica followed by Europe.
Question 2.
Briefly list out some of India’s engagement with the continent of Antarctica.
Answer:
(a) Since 1981, the Antarctica programme has been exploring Antarctica, a continent with .a very cold climate and harsh environment.
(b) In 1983, India established its first scientific base station there called ‘Dakshin Gangotri’. Since then two other stations ‘Maitri’ and ‘Bharat’ have been set up.
(c) About 40 teams of Indian scientists have conducted research especially on evolution of climate and environment.
Question 3.
How do Oceans impact climate?
Answer:
(a) The oceans affect climate by absorbing solar radiation. About 98% of the heat from the sun’s rays are absorbed by Oceans
(b) They redistribute the heat across the globe, example through Ocean currents.
(c) Oceans are estimated to capture about 40% of CO2 from the atmosphere.
(d) They help increase atmospheric humidity and send rain to the continents. Example: In India, the monsoons originate in the Oceans.
Question 4.
‘All Oceans are interconnected’. Explain.
Answer:
Although we list five oceans, the lines that divide them on the map are mere conventions.
(a) The natural world does not follow such boundaries sea water constantly flow across different oceans. Many plants and animal species can be found across multiple oceans.
(b) Marine fauna consists of thousands of colourful fish, dolphins, whales, mysterious sea creatures. Each part of ocean has its own diverse life forms from sun-lit surface to the dark depths but through pattern
of migration many can be found – across oceans.
(c) Moreover if we look at the map carefully, they are connected some via the Arctic Ocean and some via the relatively narrow gap between South America and the Antarctica.
Question 5.
1. What is the motto of the emblem of the Indian Navy?
2. Give the meaning.
3. Which Vedic deity does it invoke?
Answer:
- The motto of the emblem of the Indian Navy is ‘Sam noh Varunah’.
- It means ‘Be auspicious to us, O Varuna’.
- It invokes the Vedic deity Lord. Varuna who is associated with the oceans, the sky and water.
Question 6.
Gibe reasons why 26 December 2004, is related with natural disaster.
Answer:
- On 26 December 2004, India and 13 countries around the Indian Ocean were struck by a powerful Tsunami. Tsunamis are rare but very destructive.
- By the Tsunami, caused by an earthquake in Indonesia, more than 2 lakh people lost their lives.
- In India, the islands of Andaman and Nicobar and coasts of Tamil Nadu and Kerala were severely affected suffered much damage and loss of life.
Question 7.
Are Tsunamis common? How can we protect lives and property?
Answer:
Tsunami of the magnitude of 26th December 2004 are rare. Tsunamis can often be detected before they hit a coast.
Many countries have come together in ‘early warning system’. There is an Indian Ocean Tsunami Warning System to which India contributes with other countries. This enables and helps take measures to protect lives and property.
Question 8.
Enumerate some measures that help protect lives and property in the event of warning of approaching Tsunami.
Answer:
- Stay away from the beach.
- Plan evacuation routes from your home, school, work place, or any other place you could be where Tsunami present a risk.
- If you are near a coast or experience shaking from an earthquake – Drop, cover and hold on to protect yourself.
- If possible pick areas above sea level or go as far as 3 kms inland, away from the coast line.
- If you cannot get this far or high go as high or far as you can.
- Listen to emergency information and alerts (through scene or notification by voice or texts).
Question 9.
Mention continents names.
Answer:
Count of continents (in alphabetical order) | |
Four continents | Africa-Eurasia, America, Antarctica, Australia |
Five continents | Africa, America, Antarctica, Australia, Eurasia |
Six continents | Africa, Antarctica, Australia, Eurasia, North America, South America |
Seven continents | Africa, Antarctica, A’sia, Australia, Europe, North America, South America |
Question 10.
Look at the table above and answer in practice which of the above count is the most widely adopted and used.
Answer:
The count of seven continents – Africa, Antarctica, Asia, Australia, Europe, North America, South America.
Question 11.
(a) Give names of the continent with a very cold climate and harsh environment.
(b) When did India start its Antarctica programme and establish its first scientific base station. What is it called?
(c) Have any new bases been established since then? If so how many. Give their names.
(d) How many teams of Indian scientists have conducted research here? Mention the main area of their interest
Answer:
(a) Antarctica
(b) India started the Indian Antarctica programme in 1981 and established its first scientific research base station in 1983 called ‘Dakshin Gangotri’.
(c) Since ‘Dakshin Gangotri’ 2 more bases were established later called ‘Maitri’ and ‘Bharati’.
(d) About 40 teams of Indian scientists have conducted research in this faraway region. Their main area of interest is evolution of climate and environment. The settlement where the scientists live has a library and even a post office.
Question 12.
Why did UN designate a day as World Ocean Day?
Answer:
The UN has designated June 8th as World Oceans Day to remind us all of:
- the major role the Ocean plays in everyday life.
- how oceans serve as lungs of our planet Earth, and
- are a major of food and medicine and a critical part of the biosphere.
Oceans and Continents Class 6 Long Answer Questions
Question 1.
Oceans are integral to sustenance of life on Earth. Discuss.
Answer:
For sustenance of any life on Earth the three essential are: Air, Water and Food for all of which the Oceans play a vital role.
(a) More than half of the worlds oxygen is produced by the oceans flora which is why they are called the ‘planets lungs’. They capture an estimated 40% of the CO2 produced.
(b) They help send rain to the continents. They are a part of the water cycle. Rains sustain agriculture (food) on earth and replenish fresh water resources. Example: The monsoon of India originate in the ocean.
(c) The Oceans feed life on earth, example fishes. Its biodiversity provides our global community with animal protein. In many developed countries seafood is primary source of protein.
(d) Apart from these essentials oceans regulate climate, provide job’s livelihoods and have nourished cultures of people all over the world. They provide adventure and are store house of minerals e.g. petroleum for developing and sustaining economic development of mankind and nations.
Question 2.
Oceans sustain life but are not without perils for mankind? Discuss by giving examples.
Answer:
Yes oceans are a boon but not without perils.
(a) Ocean often give rise to storms violent events with extreme rainfall and very strong winds such as cyclones which cause widespread damage to coastal regions of the world.
(b) A tsunami is another natural disaster that originates in the ocean. It is a huge and powerful wave generally caused by a strong earthquake or a volcanic eruption of the bottom of the ocean.
(c) Tsunamis travel thousands of kilometres, submerge coastal areas, causing widespread damage to life and property.
Example: On 26th December 2004 India and 13 other countries around the Indian Ocean were struck by a powerful Tsunami caused by an earthquake in Indonesia. More than 2 lakh people lost their lives. In India the Andaman and Nicobar. Islands and the coasts of Tamil Nadu and Kerala were severely affected and suffered much danger and loss of life.
Question 3.
(a) Draw and colour the symbol of the Olympic Games.
(b) How many rings are there?
(c) What does the symbol symbolise?
(d) The widely adopted practice lists seven continents. Why are there only 5 rings?
(e) In which country/city were Olympics held in the year 2024.
Answer:
(b) There are five interlocked rings.
(c) The symbol symbolises the gathering of sports people from all over the world.
(d) The rings are only 5, because they were chosen to represent five inhabited continents Africa, America, Asia, Australia and Europe.
(e) France/Paris.
Question 4.
Discuss briefly how the oceans are polluted by human activity.
Answer:
Human activity has led to the pollution of oceans.
1. Throwing of several million tonnes of plastic wastes every year leading to choking of marine life. Fish seabirds, sea turtles, marine mammals not only get entangled in plastic, but plastic debris causes suffocation and starvation of marine life.
2. Excessive fishing i.e. overfishing has led to decline in marine life, (m) Chemicals, fertilisers etc used’ in industries and agriculture plus trash are washed, blown or intentionally dumped into oceAnswer:
3. Warning: Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere trap energy from the sun. The oceans absorb much of this energy, causing ocean waters to warm whereby there is less available dissolved oxygen for native sea life which negatively impacts the biological process.